Cov kev hloov loj tau los rau cov khoom lag luam txoj cai lav rau cov tuam txhab ua lag luam hauv EU.
Thaum Lub Tsib Hlis 23, European Commission tau tshaj tawm Txoj Cai Tswj Kev Nyab Xeeb Kev Nyab Xeeb Kev Nyab Xeeb tshiab txhawm rau txhawm rau hloov kho EU cov cai tswj kev nyab xeeb khoom.
Cov kev cai tshiab no tsom rau kev siv cov kev cai tshiab rau EU cov khoom xa tawm, tshuaj xyuas thiab kev lag luam online.
Cov kev hloov loj tau los rau cov khoom lag luam txoj cai lav rau cov tuam txhab ua lag luam hauv EU. Tom qab ntau tshaj li kaum xyoo ntawm kev hloov kho cov lus pom zoo, nyob rau 23 Lub Tsib Hlis European Commission, EU tus thawj tswj hwm sab caj npab, tau tshaj tawm tsab cai tshiab General Product Safety Regulations (GPSR) hauv Phau Ntawv Teev Npe. Raws li qhov tshwm sim, qhov tshiab GPSR tshem tawm thiab hloov pauv Cov Khoom Siv Kev Nyab Xeeb Kev Nyab Xeeb yav dhau los 2001/95/EC.
Txawm hais tias cov ntawv nyeem ntawm txoj cai tshiab tau txais los ntawm European Parliament thaum Lub Peb Hlis 2023 thiab los ntawm European Council ntawm 25 Lub Plaub Hlis 2023, cov ntawv tshaj tawm raug cai no tau teeb tsa lub sijhawm ua raws sijhawm rau kev hloov kho dav dav tau teev tseg hauv GPSR tshiab. Lub hom phiaj ntawm GPSR yog "txhim kho kev ua haujlwm ntawm kev ua lag luam sab hauv thaum ua kom muaj qib siab ntawm kev tsim khoom ntawm cov neeg siv khoom" thiab "tsim cov kev cai yooj yim rau kev nyab xeeb ntawm cov neeg siv khoom lag luam muab tso rau lossis tsim muaj nyob hauv khw."
GPSR tshiab yuav pib siv rau lub Rau Hli 12, 2023, nrog lub sijhawm hloov pauv ntawm 18 lub hlis kom txog rau thaum cov kev cai tshiab tuaj rau lub Kaum Ob Hlis 13, 2024. Tus tshiab GPSR sawv cev rau kev hloov pauv loj ntawm EU txoj cai ua ntej. European Union.
Kev soj ntsuam tag nrho ntawm GPSR tshiab yuav ua raws, tab sis ntawm no yog ib qho kev nthuav dav ntawm cov khoom lag luam ua lag luam hauv EU xav paub.
Raws li GPSR tshiab, cov tuam txhab tsim khoom yuav tsum ceeb toom rau cov tub ceev xwm ntawm cov xwm txheej tshwm sim los ntawm lawv cov khoom los ntawm SafeGate system, European Commission lub vev xaib online rau tshaj tawm cov khoom lag luam uas muaj kev phom sij. Lub GPSR qub tsis muaj qhov pib rau qhov kev tshaj tawm no, tab sis GPSR tshiab tau teeb tsa qhov tshwm sim hauv qab no: "Cov xwm txheej, suav nrog kev raug mob, cuam tshuam nrog kev siv cov khoom lag luam uas ua rau tib neeg tuag lossis muaj kev cuam tshuam loj heev los yog ib ntus. ntawm nws txoj kev noj qab haus huv thiab kev nyab xeeb Lwm yam kev puas tsuaj ntawm lub cev, kab mob thiab kev noj qab haus huv ntev. "
Raws li GPSR tshiab, cov ntawv ceeb toom no yuav tsum xa "tam sim ntawd" tom qab cov khoom lag luam paub txog qhov xwm txheej.
Raws li GPSR tshiab, rau cov khoom rov qab, cov tuam txhab tsim khoom yuav tsum muaj tsawg kawg yog ob qho kev xaiv hauv qab no: (i) nyiaj rov qab, (ii) kho, lossis (iii) hloov, tshwj tsis yog qhov no tsis tuaj yeem ua tau lossis tsis txaus. Hauv qhov no, tsuas yog ib qho ntawm ob txoj kev kho no tau tso cai raws li GPSR. Cov nyiaj rov qab yuav tsum yog tsawg kawg yog sib npaug ntawm tus nqi yuav khoom.
GPSR tshiab qhia txog yam tseem ceeb ntxiv uas yuav tsum tau xav txog thaum ntsuas kev nyab xeeb ntawm cov khoom. Cov yam tseem ceeb ntxiv no suav nrog, tab sis tsis txwv rau: kev pheej hmoo rau cov neeg siv khoom tsis zoo, suav nrog cov menyuam yaus; txawv kev noj qab haus huv thiab kev nyab xeeb cuam tshuam los ntawm poj niam txiv neej; qhov cuam tshuam ntawm software hloov tshiab thiab cov khoom kwv yees cov yam ntxwv;
Hais txog thawj lub ntsiab lus, GPSR tshiab tshwj xeeb hais tias: "Thaum ntsuas kev nyab xeeb ntawm cov khoom siv txuas nrog digitally uas tuaj yeem cuam tshuam rau menyuam yaus, cov tuam txhab yuav tsum xyuas kom meej tias cov khoom uas lawv tso rau hauv khw ua tau raws li cov qauv kev nyab xeeb siab tshaj plaws ntawm kev nyab xeeb, kev nyab xeeb, thiab kev nyab xeeb. ” “Zoo xav txog kev ceev ntiag tug uas yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws ntawm tus menyuam. ”
Cov kev cai tshiab GPSR rau cov khoom tsis-CE cim yog npaj los coj cov kev cai rau cov khoom no rau hauv kab nrog rau cov khoom CE cim. Hauv European Union, cov ntawv "CE" txhais tau tias cov chaw tsim khoom lossis cov neeg xa khoom tau lees paub tias cov khoom ua tau raws li European kev noj qab haus huv, kev nyab xeeb thiab ib puag ncig cov qauv. GPSR tshiab tseem tso cov ntawv sau nruj dua rau cov khoom uas tsis muaj CE cim.
Raws li GPSR tshiab, kev muab online thiab cov khoom muag muag hauv khw hauv online yuav tsum muaj lwm cov lus ceeb toom lossis cov ntaub ntawv kev nyab xeeb uas yuav tsum tau ua los ntawm EU cov cai lij choj, uas yuav tsum tau muab tso rau hauv cov khoom lossis nws cov ntim. Cov lus pom zoo yuav tsum tso cai rau cov khoom lag luam raug txheeb xyuas los ntawm kev qhia hom, ntau lossis tus lej cim lossis lwm yam khoom uas "pom thiab pom tseeb rau cov neeg siv khoom lossis, yog tias qhov loj lossis qhov xwm txheej ntawm cov khoom tsis tso cai, ntawm lub ntim lossis qhov xav tau. cov ntaub ntawv muaj nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv nrog rau cov khoom. Tsis tas li ntawd, lub npe thiab cov ntaub ntawv tiv tauj ntawm cov chaw tsim khoom thiab tus neeg saib xyuas hauv EU yuav tsum tau muab.
Hauv kev lag luam online, lwm yam kev cog lus tshiab suav nrog tsim kom muaj kev sib cuag rau cov tswj hwm kev lag luam thiab cov neeg siv khoom thiab ua haujlwm ncaj qha nrog cov tub ceev xwm.
Thaum lub tswv yim tseem ceeb ntawm kev tsim cai lij choj tau muab rau qhov tsawg kawg nkaus raug nplua ntawm 4% ntawm kev hloov pauv txhua xyoo, GPSR tshiab tawm qhov zoo rau EU cov tswv cuab. Cov tswvcuab hauv lub xeev "yuav tso cai rau cov kev nplua rau kev ua txhaum cai ntawm Txoj Cai no, ua cov luag haujlwm rau cov tswv lag luam thiab cov neeg muab kev lag luam hauv online thiab ua txhua yam kev ntsuas tsim nyog los xyuas kom lawv ua raws li txoj cai hauv tebchaws."
Kev nplua yuav tsum yog "ua tau zoo, sib npaug thiab tsis txaus ntseeg" thiab cov tswvcuab hauv lub xeev yuav tsum ceeb toom rau Pawg Saib Xyuas ntawm cov cai hais txog cov kev nplua no los ntawm 13 Lub Kaum Ob Hlis 2024.
Qhov tshiab GPSR, tshwj xeeb, muab rau cov neeg siv khoom "yuav tsum muaj cai siv, los ntawm cov neeg sawv cev ua, lawv cov cai muaj feem xyuam nrog cov luag num tau los ntawm cov tswv lag luam lossis cov chaw muab kev lag luam hauv online raws li Cov Lus Qhia (EU) 2020/1828 ntawm European. Parliament thiab ntawm Pawg Sab Laj: "Ib lo lus, kev foob hauv chav kawm rau kev ua txhaum cai GPSR yuav raug tso cai.
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Post lub sij hawm: Nov-06-2024